Category Archives: Chandigarh

Haryana launches Block Parivartan Programme to raise the lifestyle of Antyodaya families in underdeveloped blocks

IEP Chandigarh December 15

The Haryana Government has decided to launch ‘Block Parivartan Programme’ (BPP) to bring productive change in the lifestyle of the Antyodaya families residing in underdeveloped blocks across the state.

One underdeveloped block from each district to be identified

Under this programme, one underdeveloped block from each district will be identified and work would be initiated on basis of Key Performance Indicators (KPIs) including Poverty Eradication, Infrastructure and Governance, Health and Nutrition, Education and Skilling Equality and Empowerment, Water and Sanitation, Energy Management, Social Development, Agriculture and Irrigation.

For the time bound implementation of the Programme, the Chief Secretary, Sh. Sanjeev Kaushal took a meeting of officers of Development and Panchayats, Education, Health and Family Welfare, Rural Development and Medical Education. He directed the officers to choose 18 pledges for 9 Key Performance Indicators (KPIs) within a week to step up the programme. He informed that this programme will be intensified in a phased manner. Under phase 1, the development work on the basis of Key Performance Indicators will be initiated in the identified underdeveloped blocks.

Monitoring and Periodical Ranking to be done in Phase 2

Sh. Kaushal said that under Phase 2, the monitoring and periodical ranking will be done to evaluate the progress of the first 22 blocks on the basis of 18 pledges to uplift the Antyodaya families. He said that under the visionary leadership of the Chief Minister, Sh. Manohar Lal, the State Government is committed to raise the living standards of its citizens and ensure inclusive growth for all – “Sabka Saath Sabka Vikas aur Sabka Vishwas”. He directed the concerned officers to maintain proper coordination while implementing and working on the Key Performance Indicators which will lead to the overall development of the underdeveloped blocks.

Departments to appoint only one Nodal officer for BPP

Sh. Kaushal further directed that the nodal officers for Block Parivartan Programme will keep a track and periodically monitor the progress in the identified blocks. He directed all aligned Departments to appoint only one Nodal officer for the Block Parivartan Programme which will not be changed later. He directed that relevant departments have to identify the pledges under the KPI on the highest priority basis. He directed the concerned Departments to mandatorily provide the validated data source to collect the data.

Among those present in the meeting include Additional Chief Secretary, Finance and Planning, Sh. Anurag Rastogi, Additional Chief Secretary, Education, Sports and Youth Affairs, Sh. Mahavir Singh, Principal Secretary to Chief Minister, Sh. V. Umashankar, Additional Chief Secretary, Development and Panchayats, Sh. Anil Malik, Additional Chief Secretary, Medical Education and Research, Smt. G. Anupama, Additional Chief Secretary, Public Health Engineering, Sh. A.K Singh and other senior officers.

Haryana Vidhan Sabha session from December 26 to be transacted digitally through NeVA portal

IEP Chandigarh, December 15

Continuous steps are being taken towards making the Haryana Vidhan Sabha completely digital. After the successful digital conduct of the August, 2022 session of the Vidhan Sabha through the National e-Vidhan Application (NeVA); the upcoming session of the Haryana Vidhan Sabha commencing from December 26, 2022 will also be transacted through the NeVA portal.

The Chief Secretary has issued a letter to all the administrative secretaries in this regard, instructing them to adhere to the NeVA portal for submitting the replies and all session-related work for the Vidhan Sabha session commencing from December 26.

Giving this information, an official spokesman said that the login related user ID and other information has already been shared with all the NeVA nodal officers appointed from different departments. In case of transfer or change of Nodal Officers of the concerned department, their details like name, contact number, designation can be updated from the profile section after login from their respective department NeVA ID.

Notably, the NeVA software is developed by the Ministry of Parliamentary Affairs (MoPA) with Unicode fonts and thus all the session related work of Hindi language will be done in Unicode fonts; which will be readable by all.

Haryana Govt prepares framework to provide shelter to every needy

IEP Chandigarh, December 15

As per the vision of Chief Minister, Sh. Manohar Lal to provide shelter to every poor and needy person of the state, the Housing for All Department is preparing a strong framework. The government is constantly making efforts to provide houses to all the eligible beneficiaries in urban and rural areas under the Pradhan Mantri Awas Yojana.

Besides this, under In Situ Slum Redevelopment (ISSR) component, the state government will identify slum areas in Gurugram, Faridabad, Panchkula and other districts for the rehabilitation. In this regard proposal will be sent to the central government for final approval. 

The Chief Secretary, Sh. Sanjeev Kaushal today reviewed the progress of various housing schemes of Housing for All Department here today. He also reviewed the progress of providing houses to the eligible beneficiaries under Pradhan Mantri Awas Yojana in urban and rural areas.

A proposal to central government will be sent to add new beneficiaries to the BLC component

Directing the officers, the Chief Secretary said that under Pradhan Mantri Awas Yojana (Urban) some discrepancies were found in the survey conducted under Beneficiary Led Construction (BLC) component during the previous years. The Haryana Government has conducted this survey on the basis of the data entered in the Parivar Pehchan Patra to identify the actual eligible beneficiaries. Therefore, based on the data obtained as a result of this survey, a proposal will be sent to the Central Government to add new beneficiaries to the BLC component.

Hold review meeting every month regarding the progress of houses in the urban local bodies

Sh. Kaushal further directed the officials of the Urban Local Bodies Department to expedite the work of the houses which are under construction in the urban local bodies. He also directed that the process of distribution of subsidy given for construction of houses under BLC component should also be strengthened. A nodal officer should be appointed and his accountability should be fixed. Sh. Kaushal directed that monthly review meetings of urban local bodies should be held to evaluate the progress of construction of houses.

Loans worth over Rs. 7702 crore were sanctioned to 39,267 beneficiaries under CLSS

It was apprised in the meeting that a survey was conducted to assess the demand for houses in the year 2017, in which 2,48,657 applications were found eligible. Out of this, a target of construction of 1,18,016 houses was set under PMAY-Urban. Under BLC component, 12,238 houses have been completed and 15,930 houses are under construction. During this tenure, financial assistance of Rs 462.24 crore was provided to the beneficiaries for the construction of houses. Besides this, loans worth over Rs. 7702 crore were sanctioned to 39,267 beneficiaries and interest subsidy of Rs 854.32 crore was provided under the Credit Linked Subsidy Scheme (CLSS).

It was apprised in the meeting that from the target of constructing 21,699 houses set up by the central government for the period 2016-17 to 2020-21 under Pradhan Mantri Awas Yojana (Gramin), 20,922 houses have been constructed. Only 750 houses are under construction. For the year 2021-22, the central government set a target of constructing 8038 houses, out of which the sanction of 6571 houses has been received and 605 houses have also been built. Financial assistance of Rs. 338.86 crore has been provided through DBT to the beneficiaries for the construction of houses. He further directed the officers that for the year 2022-23, the demand for 20,000 more houses should be sent to the Central Government.

In the meeting Additional Chief Secretary, Housing for All, Sh. Anil Malik, Additional Chief Secretary, Urban Local Bodies, Sh. Arun Kumar Gupta, Director General, Housing for All, Sh. Ajit Balaji Joshi and other officers were present.

Indian hockey team will definitely win the World Cup: Manohar Lal Khattar

IEP Chandigarh, December 15

Haryana Chief Minister, Sh. Manohar Lal said that it is a matter of pride for all the countrymen as the Hockey World Cup is being organised in India this time. The Hockey World Cup will be held from January 13 to 29 in Bhubaneswar, Odisha.

Unveiling the World Cup trophy of the Federation of Hockey India here today, the Chief Minister said, “Five players from Haryana are participating in the Indian hockey team. It is a matter of pride not only for the players of the state but also for the people.” Minister of State for Sports and Youth Affairs, Sh. Sandeep Singh was also present on the occasion.

Chief Minister, Sh. Manohar Lal expressed hope that this time the Indian hockey team will perform better and definitely win the World Cup. He extended greetings and wished the players better performance. Giving the slogan of ‘Khelega-India, Jeetega-India, Jeetegi-Hockey’, the Chief Minister believed that the country’s players will fulfill it with full dedication.

The Chief Minister handed over the Hockey World Cup trophy to the Minister of State for Sports and congratulated the hockey team; stating that it is a matter of great pleasure that the command of sports in Haryana has been handed over to eminent hockey player, Sh. Sandeep Singh and is constantly endeavouring to take it forward. He said that the Hockey World Cup trophy will pass through 12 states, 7 union territories including Uttar Pradesh, Jharkhand, Manipur, Assam, and will enter Haryana from Punjab and further to Delhi.

Sh. Manohar Lal said that hockey is the national game of India and in the year 1975, India won the Hockey World Cup under the leadership of great hockey magician, Sh. Dhyan Chand. “The women and men hockey teams have performed brilliantly in various national and international level games and our teams are well prepared. This time the whole country is focused on hockey and our team will definitely win the Hockey World Cup and make the country proud,” added the Chief Minister.

Secretary, Federation of Hockey India, Sh. Sunil Malik and General Secretary, Haryana Hockey Federation, Smt. Sunita Rangi were present on the occasion.

Open heart surgery facility will soon be operational in Ambala Cantt: Health Minister

IEP Chandigarh, December 15

For the first time, the facility of open-heart surgery will be operational soon in the Civil Hospital, Ambala Cantonment, Haryana. Apart from this, the facility of PAT-scan (Positron Emission Tomography) and SPECT (Single Photon Emission Computed Tomography) will also be started for the convenience of cancer patients in Civil Hospital, Ambala Cantonment.

        This information was given by Haryana Health and Family Welfare Minister, Sh. Anil Vij while presiding over a review meeting with the officers of Health and Family Welfare Department here today.

While directing the officers, he said that tenders should be invited soon for the PET-scan so that this facility could be started at the earliest. He also directed the officers to start Open Heart Surgery at Civil Hospital, Ambala Cantonment.

According to Sh. Vij, almost 11,000 stents have been implanted in cardiac patients at the civil hospital at Ambala Cantonment in the last three years, which is a record in itself. He informed that more than approximately 3000 OPDs are registered daily in this 100 bedded hospital.

50 bedded critical care centre will also be established in civil hospital- Vij

The Health Minister informed that a 50-bedded Critical Care Centre will also be set up in the premises of Civil Hospital, Ambala Cantonment. Apart from this, the facility of Dharamshala will also be established for the assistants accompanying the patients. Apart from this, a Spine Injury Centre will also be set up, for which land will be earmarked soon. While directing the officers, Sh. Vij said that efforts should be made in order to establish the TB hospital in Ambala city.

Training will be mandatory for doctors and paramedical staff

The Health Minister said that the work of mapping related to health services in the state will be started soon. Apart from this, he directing the concerned officers that a blueprint should be prepared for providing training related to the latest technology to the doctors and paramedical staff posted at government hospitals, colleges, PHC and CHC level, so that these personnel working in the government sector are exposed to new research going across the globe from time to time. He said that this training will be necessary for all these officers and personnel.

Sh. Vij was informed in the meeting that the old buildings of the health department are being identified, for which new norms should be adopted for their reconstruction.

Patients will be kept history-wise with e-upchar facility

Apart from this, the Health Minister has said that work is going on to provide e-upchar facilities in all government hospitals including PHC, CHC, Medical College, the link of this facility will also be given to PGI so that in future the history of any patient can be checked at any place.

On this occasion, Additional Chief Secretary, Health and Family Welfare Department, Smt. G. Anupama, Director General of AYUSH Department Dr. Saket Kumar, Director General of Health Services Department, Smt. Sonia Trikha Khullar and other senior officers were present.

Chief Minister chairs HPPC meeting, approves purchase of goods worth about Rs. 663 crores

IEP Chandigarh, December 15

The meeting of the High Powered Purchase Committee (HPPC) chaired by Chief Minister, Sh. Manohar Lal today approved the purchase of goods to be procured by various departments worth about Rs. 663 crores.

Education Minister, Sh. Kanwar Pal, Transport Minister, Sh. Mool Chand Sharma, Power Minister, Sh. Ranjit Singh, Agriculture and Farmers’ Welfare Minister, Sh. JP Dalal, Minister of State for Labour and Employment, Sh. Anoop Dhanak, Additional Chief Secretary, Home, Sh. T.V.S.N Prasad, Additional Chief Secretary, School Education, Dr. Mahavir Singh, Additional Chief Secretary, Industries and Commerce, Sh. Anand Mohan Sharan, Principal Secretary to Chief Minister, Sh. V Umashankar, Chairman, Power Corporations, Sh. P.K. Das and many senior officers also remained present on this occasion.

Later addressing the media persons, Sh. Manohar Lal while divulging the meeting details said that approval has been accorded for the purchase of books for the students of classes I to V and VI to VIII for the upcoming academic session. Besides, approval has been given for the purchase of toys and books for children enrolled in playway schools.

The purchase of 152 Bolero vehicles for the Police, Agriculture and Irrigation Department has also been approved by the Committee.  Besides this, the purchase of fortified rice for the Food and Supplies Department has also been approved, shared Sh. Manohar Lal.

The Chief Minister said that all the purchases were made in a transparent manner while holding detailed discussions with the vendors directly, thus saving about Rs 20-22 crore from the said purchases.

The Chief Minister said that the Supply and Disposal Department’s procurement work is directly linked to finance, so the Supply and Disposal Department has been merged with the Finance department.

Haryana Police bags National Award for best implementation of ICJS-Forensics Pillar

IEP Chandigarh, December 15

Haryana Police has bagged first position in the category of the best implementation of the Inter-operational Criminal Justice System (ICJS) project under the ‘Forensic Pillar’.

                    Sharing the information here today, a Haryana Police spokesperson informed that Director FSL, Dr. C S Rao received the award from the Union Minister of State for Home Affairs, Sh. Ajay Kumar Mishra during a conference held on ‘Good Practices in CCTNS/ICJS’ conducted by the National Crime Records Bureau (NCRB) under the Ministry of Home Affairs (MHA) at New Delhi today. The performance of around 117 FSLs and CFSLs in the country was evaluated by NCRB on defined parameters in which Haryana emerged as the best performer.

                    Congratulating the Director, FSL Madhuban Dr C S Rao and his team, the Director General of Police (DGP), Haryana Sh. P.K. Agrawal said that it is a matter of immense pleasure and pride that the Forensics Pillar of our ICJS has earned this distinction at the national level.

                    The ICJS is an initiative of the e-committee of the Supreme Court to enable seamless transfer of data and information among different pillars of the criminal justice system, like courts, police, jails and forensic science laboratories, from one platform.

All Administrative Secretaries to send requisition of Group-C posts to Haryana Staff Selection Commission by December 15 directs Sanjeev Kaushal

IEP Chandigarh December 14

The Haryana Chief Secretary, Sh. Sanjeev Kaushal directed all the Administrative Secretaries to send requisition of Group-C posts of their departments to Haryana Staff Selection Commission by December 15 positively. Haryana Staff Selection Commission is likely to announce the result of Common Eligibility Test (CET) examination held recently, he added.While presiding over the meeting regarding requisition of Group-C posts with Administrative Secretaries and officers of Haryana Staff Selection Commission (HSSC) here today, he also directed the concerned Department to create a separate quota of 3 percent of total Group C posts for eligible sports persons and send a requisition to Haryana Staff Selection Commission. These quota posts exist in selected departments namely Home Department, Department of Sports and Youth Affairs, School Education Department and Elementary Education Department. Chairman of HSSC, Sh. Bhopal Singh Khadri was also present in the meeting.The Chief Secretary also directed the officers to make clarification in horizontal and vertical reservation of Group-C posts in all the Departments.Amoung those present in the meeting include Additional Chief Secretary, Finance and Planning, Sh. Anurag Rastogi, Additional Chief Secretary, Education, Sports and Youth Affairs, Sh. Mahavir Singh, Principal Secretary to Chief Minister, Sh. V. Umashankar, Additional Chief Secretary, Information Technology, Sh. Anand Mohan Sharan, Additional Chief Secretary, Science and Technology, Sh. Ashok Khemka, Additional Chief Secretary, Forests and Wildlife, Sh. Vineet Garg, Additional Chief Secretary, Development and Panchayats, Sh. Anil Malik, Additional Chief Secretary, Medical Education and Research, Smt. G. Anupama, Additional Chief Secretary, Public Health Engineering, Sh. A.K Singh, Additional Principal Secretary to Chief Minister, Sh. Amit Kumar Agrawal, Secretary Haryana Staff Selection Commission, Sh. Virat and other senior officers.

Transport Minister holds State Road Safety Council meeting, sets target to reduce accidents, fulfill responsibilities

IEP Chandigarh, December 14

A meeting of the State Road Safety Council was held today under the chairmanship of Haryana Transport Minister, Sh. Mool Chand Sharma at Haryana Niwas. Addressing the meeting, Principal Secretary, Transport Department, Sh. Navdeep Singh Virk  informed about the number of deaths and injuries due to road accidents in the last five years. It was apprised that till November 2022 there were 9,951 road accidents, in which 4,516 people lost their lives and 8,447 people were injured.

        Giving presentation in this regard, he said that the Integrated Road Accident Database (IRED) project released by the Ministry of Transport, Government of India, has been started for all the states and it has also been implemented in Haryana; in which the Transport Department has been made the nodal authority for this project. Apart from transport department, police, health, NHAI, PWD, HSIDC, Haryana Shahari Vikas Pradhikaran and local government departments have been taken in which the nodal officers of the departments concerned will work on the road safety project at the state and district level. All the departments will submit their reports on this portal, in which the current status of all the concerned departments can be ascertained.

Addressing all the departments, the Transport Minister said that the responsibilities should be properly fulfilled and the department should improve the achievements made by Haryana in this regard. He also set a target of reducing 20 percent accidents for the year 2023.  Principal Secretary, Transport, while reviewing the action taken report regarding the previous meetings of the Road Safety Council gave the following orders to all the road constructing agencies :-

1. Reviewing pending road accident prone points, speed breakers/rumble strips, sign boards, road markings, cat eyes, delineators and black spots etc, all were instructed to complete their points by March 31, 2023.

2. It was told in the meeting that in order to reduce road accidents, Road Safety Associates are being appointed by the Transport Department for all the districts on contract basis; who coordinate with all the departments related to road safety in their respective districts and will help in reducing road accidents.

3. It was told in the meeting that every road construction department/agency should conduct an internal audit of its roads/highways and submit the report to the lead agency.

4. It was decided in the meeting that if any illegal cuts are made on any road or highway by demolishing road construction by dhabas, petrol pumps etc, police cases should be registered against the concerned. This issue should also be taken up in every district road safety committee.

5. Council member, Sh. Sushil Arya discussed the illegal liquor vends on roads and highways, on which the Excise and Taxation Department stated that they will inspect liquor vends along the roads of all districts and a report will be submitted.

6. IG Traffic, Sh. Hardeep Doon informed the council that 213 black spots for the year 2019-2021 have been sent to the Ministry of Transport, Government of India, for approval and 17,67,442 challans have been issued to the defaulters for the violation of traffic rules from January to November, 2022.  Apart from this, 1,27,215 challans have been issued for overspeeding vehicles.

7. So far, 175 meetings of the District Road Safety Committees have been held by the Transport Department under the chairmanship of the concerned Deputy Commissioners, in which works like road audit, checking of 4,603 school buses, inspection of roads, training of employees on 468 road safety audits have also been done; so that road accidents can be reduced by strengthening road safety.

8. The council also directed to link NHAI’s toll free number 1033, police’s toll free number 1073 with helpline number 112; so that timely ambulance service can be made available in case of an accident.

9. It was decided that a tripartite audit should be done of the funds being given from the Road Safety Fund to all concerned departments and committees at the district level.

10. It was brought to the notice of the Council that most of the accidents are taking place on NH-1 (44) Ambala to Sonipat route; which comes under the NHAI. On this, the council instructed NHAI to conduct a road safety audit of this route, so that the causes of accidents could be ascertained in the audit.

11. In the meeting, the officers of all the departments were instructed to set a time limit to complete their work. According to the meetings held in the past, all the departments should complete at least 5 kilometers of model road in every district, which fit 100 percent on road safety standards and submit their report to the council.

12. It was decided by the council that all the departments should submit their road safety plan and necessary road safety funds to the Transport Department by January, 2023 to meet the target set for reduction in road accidents for the year 2023.

13. It was said in the meeting that all the road construction departments should prepare a plan to implement the road safety audit. Under this, there is a need to train executive engineers and junior engineer level officials at the district level to give information about these; so that standards related to road safety are kept in mind while making roads. Orders were given to send the names of the concerned officers to the Transport Department for getting the training done.

14. It was told in the council meeting that the instructions issued by the Road Safety Committee constituted by the Honourable Supreme Court should be followed strictly and on time.

15. The Transport Minister said that at present it is the time of fog and in such a situation, the concerned department should immediately install reflectors and reflective tapes on vehicles like marking on the roads and tractor trolleys etc, while working on priority in view of road safety. Apart from this, reflective tapes should be applied on stray animals and cows roaming on the roads; so that accidents caused by stray animals can be curbed.

HSIIDC Managing Director, Sh. Vikas Gupta, IG Traffic, Sh. Hardeep Doon, Sh. Vinay Singh from Finance Department, Finance Secretary, NHAI, Chandigarh, Sh. Vipnesh Sharma, Joint Director Transport, Sh. Pradeep Ahlawat, Regional Officer, Sh. Dilbag Singh, Joint Transport Commissioner, (Road Safety), Sh. Ratan Sandhu from the Education Department, Sh. Sushil Arya, Chief Engineer of Om Seva Sansthan, PWD Department and senior officers of various departments related to the Road Safety Council were present virtually during the meeting

To improve administrative efficiency, Haryana re-organizes certain departments having similar nature of work

IEP Chandigarh, December 14

With a view to bring in synergy in the functioning of different departments and streamlining of work, the Haryana Government has decided to merge and re-organize some departments having similar nature of work in order to improve administrative efficiency.

The Directorate, Utilities and Authorities will continue to function as before. No staff cadres will be merged at present to avoid legal issues of seniority.

A proposal to this effect was approved by the Haryana Cabinet which met under the Chairmanship of Chief Minister, Sh. Manohar Lal here today.

Department of Energy

As per the decision, now the departments of New and Renewable Energy has been merged with Power Department and the nomenclature will be renamed as “Department of Energy”.

Department of Social Justice, Empowerment, Welfare of SCs and BCs and Antyodaya

Similarly, the Welfare of Scheduled Castes and Backward Classes and Social Justice and Empowerment Department has been merged and now the name of new department will be “Department of Social Justice, Empowerment, Welfare of SCs and BCs and Antyodaya.”

Department of Higher Education

The Department of Higher Education, Technical Education and Science and Technology has been merged in to a single department with the nomenclature as “Department of Higher Education”.

Department of Heritage and Tourism

The Archaeology and Museums Department has been merged with Tourism Department and the nomenclature has been renamed as “Department of Heritage and Tourism”.

Department of Environment, Forests and Wildlife

The Forests and Wildlife Department and Department of Environment and Climate Change have been merged in to a single department as “Department of Environment, Forests and Wildlife.”

Information, Public Relations, Languages and Culture Department

The Art and Culture Department has been merged with Information, Public Relations and Languages Department, and renamed as “Information, Public Relations, Languages and Culture Department.

Department of Youth Empowerment and Entrepreneurship

The Youth Affairs component of the Sports Department has been merged with the Skill Development and Industrial Training Department and Employment Department. The nomenclature has been renamed as “Department of Youth Empowerment and Entrepreneurship”. The new Department will look at Youth Affairs in a comprehensive manner including skilling, training, skill education.

Department of Industry and Commerce

The Electronic and IT industry has become tightly linked with all kinds of industrial activity. Therefore, State Government has decided to dissolve the Department of Electronics and Information Technology and to bring the electronics manufacturing and private IT within the ambit of the Industries and Commerce Department.

The existing work of the Department of Electronics and Information Technology has been allocated to different existing departments. The work/subjects related to the IT Industry has been re-allocated to the Industries Department. The work/subjects associated with e-Governance and use of IT in projects/governance be re-allocated to the Citizens Resources Information Department and HARTRON as an entity be kept as it is and be allocated to the Department of Industries.

General Administration Department

The Monitoring and Coordination Departments  and Department of Administrative Reforms has been merged into a single existing department that is “General Administration Department”.

The subjects Haryana Staff Selection Commission, Haryana Public Service Commission, Policy regarding CET, earlier transferred to Human Resource Department will be taken away and handed over to General Administration Department.

Besides this, The Directorate of Supplies and Disposals will be shifted from the Industries and Commerce Department to the Finance Department, particularly because of the need to ensure proper control and synergy with the Finance Department.

Revenue and Disaster Management

Department of Consolidation and Department of Revenue and Disaster Management has been merged and renamed as “Revenue and Disaster Management Department.” Furthermore, the Directorate of Fire Services, Fire Safety will be shifted from the Urban Local Bodies to the Department of Revenue and Disaster Management.